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Superlubricity
von: Ali Erdemir, Jean-Michel Martin
Elsevier Reference Monographs, 2007
ISBN: 9780080525303 , 525 Seiten
Format: PDF, ePUB, OL
Kopierschutz: DRM
Preis: 175,00 EUR
Front cover
1
Superlubricity
4
Copyright page
5
Contents
6
Foreword “From Hard to Soft”
16
Introduction
18
Contributors
22
Chapter 1. Superlubricity for Incommensurate Crystalline and Disordered Interfaces
26
1.1 Superlubricity for Incommensurate Interfaces
26
1.2 Superlubricity for Disordered Interfaces
28
1.3 Friction Resulting from Multiscale Roughness
31
1.4 Superlubricity Resulting from Polymer Brushes
36
1.5 Conclusions
39
References
39
Chapter 2. Superlubricity of Clean Surfaces
42
2.1 Introduction
42
2.2 Preliminaries: Tomlinson's Picture
43
2.3 The Criterion for the Occurrence of Tomlinson's Mechanism
46
2.4 Atomistic Origin of Friction
50
2.5 Superlubricity
55
2.6 Summary
61
References
62
Chapter 3. Theoretical Studies of Superlubricity
64
3.1 Introduction
64
3.2 Theory
65
3.3 Computer Simulations
72
3.4 Conclusions
79
References
80
Chapter 4. Ab-initio Atomic Scale Study of Nearly Frictionless Surfaces
82
4.1 Introduction
82
4.2 Frictionless Sliding
84
4.3 Description of Theoretical Model
85
4.4 Superlow Friction Coefficient Between Hydrogenated Diamond Surfaces
86
4.5 Ab-Initio Study of Atomic-Scale Friction Between Cubic BN-Surfaces
93
4.6 Conclusions
100
Acknowledgements
100
References
101
Chapter 5. Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Tribology
104
5.1 Introduction
104
5.2 MD Simulation Methods
105
5.3 Reactive Potentials
109
5.4 Recent MD Work
117
5.5 Conclusion
125
Acknowledgements
125
References
125
Chapter 6. What Causes Low Friction; What Causes High Friction
128
6.1 Introduction
128
6.2 Superlubricity in Boundary Lubrication
128
6.3 Controlling the Boundary Condition of Hydrodynamic Flow
133
6.4 Outlook-The Purposeful Reduction in Friction
139
6.5 Concluding Remarks
140
Acknowledgements
140
References
140
Chapter 7. Frictional Dynamics at the Atomic Scale in Presence of Small Oscillations of the Sliding Surfaces
144
7.1 Introduction
144
7.2 Experimental
145
Acknowledgements
154
References
154
Chapter 8. Effect of Surface Roughness and Adsorbates on Superlubricity
156
8.1 Introduction
156
8.2 Model
157
8.3 Numerical Results
159
8.4 Summary and Conclusion
170
Acknowledgements
171
References
171
Chapter 9. Atomic-Scale Investigation of Superlubricity on Insulating Surfaces
172
9.1 Introduction
172
9.2 The Tomlinson-Prandtl Model
173
9.3 The Superlubric Regime
177
9.4 Experimental Evidence of Superlubricity: Quasistatic Case
179
9.5 Experimental Evidence of Superlubricity: Dynamic Case
182
9.6 Conclusions and Outlook
184
References
185
Chapter 10. Superlubricity of Fullerene Intercalated Graphite Composite
186
10.1 Introduction
186
10.2 Sliding of Graphite Flakes
187
10.3 Superlubricity of a Graphite/C60 Monolayer Film/Graphite 10
190
10.4 Superlubricity of C60 (C70) Intercalated Graphite Composite
193
10.5 Origin of Superlubricity of Fullerene Intercalated Graphite Composite
197
References
202
Chapter 11. Superlubricity of Ag Nanometer-Thick Layers under Macroscopic Sliding System in UHV Condition
204
11.1 Introduction
204
11.2 Experimental Details
205
11.3 Film-Thickness Effect on the Lubricity of Ag Film
207
11.4 Determination of the Shear Plane in Superlubricity of Ag Film
211
11.5 Morphological Effect on Superlubricity
213
11.6 Effect of Crystal Orientation on Superlubricity
217
11.7 Origin of Ag Film Superlubricity
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11.8 Conclusion
222
References
223
Chapter 12. Superlubricity between Graphite Surfaces
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12.1 Introduction
224
12.2 Incommensurability-Induced Transition to Frictionless Sliding
225
12.3 Atomic-Scale Observation of Superlubricity between Graphite Surfaces
225
12.4 Towards Applications
229
12.5 Summary
230
Acknowledgements
231
References
231
Chapter 13. Superlubricity of Molybdenum Disulfide
232
13.1 Low, Ultralow and Superlow Friction
232
13.2 Characterization of Sputter-Deposited MoS2 Coatings
233
13.3 Experimental Details for UHV Tribometry and MoS2 Film Deposition
235
13.4 Ultralow and Superlow Friction of MoS2 Coatings
235
13.5 HRTEM Investigation of MoS2 Wear Debris
241
13.6 Possible Explanation for Superlubricity of MoS2
242
13.7 Ultralow Friction by MoS2 Single Sheets. Towards Superlubricity under Boundary Lubrication
245
13.8 Ultralow Friction by MoS2 Nanoparticles
248
References
249
Chapter 14. Superlubricity of Tungsten Disulfide Coatings in Ultra High Vacuum
252
14.1 Introduction
252
14.2 WS2 Coatings
253
14.3 IF-WS2 coatings
255
14.4 Conclusions
260
Acknowledgements
260
References
260
Chapter 15. Superlubricity by H2S Gas Lubrication of Mo
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Abstract
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15.1 Introduction
262
15.2 Experimental
264
15.3 Results
265
15.4 Discussion
272
15.5 Conclusions
275
Acknowledgements
275
References
275
Chapter 16. Superlubricity in Diamondlike Carbon Films
278
16.1 Introduction
278
16.2 Superlubricity in Crystalline Solids
279
16.3 Superlubricity in Amorphous Carbons
282
16.4 Summary and Future Direction
293
Acknowledgements
294
References
294
Chapter 17. Superlow Friction of a-C:H Films: Tribochemical and Rheological Effects
298
17.1 Introduction
298
17.2 The Wide Friction Range of DLC Films
299
17.3 Conditions for a-C:H Films to Achieve Superlow Friction
302
17.4 Achievement and Preservation of Superlow Friction with a-C:H Films
308
17.5 Conclusion
317
References
318
Chapter 18. Suppression of Moisture Sensitivity of Friction in Carbon-Based Coatings
320
18.1 Introduction
320
18.2 Synthesis
322
18.3 Surface Characterization
323
18.4 Tribological Testing
327
18.5 Water-Film Interactions
329
18.6 Mechanical Properties
331
18.7 Conclusion
334
References
334
Chapter 19. Application of Carbon Based Nano-Materials to Aeronautics and Space Lubrication
336
19.1 Introduction
336
19.2 Experimental
337
19.3 Results and Discussion
342
19.4 Concluding Remarks
363
References
363
Chapter 20. Superlubricity of CNx-coatings in Nitrogen Gas Atmosphere
366
20.1 Introduction
366
20.2 Fundamental Properties of CNx-coatings
366
20.3 Superlubricity of CNx-coating on Si-wafer sliding against Si3N4 ball
370
20.4 Superlubricity of CNx-coating on Si3N4 Disk Sliding against Si3N4 Ball or CNx-coating on Si3N4 Ball
373
20.5 Mechanisms of Low Friction and Low Wear of CNx-coatings
376
20.6 Summary
388
References
388
Chapter 21. Achieving Ultralow Friction by Aqueous, Brush-Assisted Lubrication
390
21.1 Introduction
390
21.2 Macroscopic Scale Contacts
393
21.3 Micro/Nanoscopic Scale Studies
403
21.4 Summary and Outlook
416
References
417
Chapter 22. Friction Control at The Molecular Level: From Superlubricity to Stick-Slip
422
22.1 Introduction
422
22.2 Experimental
427
22.3 Results and Discussion
434
References
449
Chapter 23. Super Low Traction under EHD & Mixed Lubrication Regimes
452
23.1 Introduction
452
23.2 Traction versus Super Low Traction
453
23.3 Experimental conditions
456
23.4 Lubricated Super Low Traction
457
23.5 Discussion and Conclusion
465
Acknowledgements
467
Annex: Main Properties of the Lubricants
467
References
467
Chapter 24. Superlubricity of In Situ Generated Protective Layer on Worn Metal Surfacesin situ generated protective layer on worn metal surfaces in Presence of Mg6Si4O10(OH)8Mg6Si4O10(OH)8
470
24.1 Introduction
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24.2 Tribochemical Principles of In Situ Reconditioning of Rubbing Metal Surfaces
471
24.3 Superlubricity of Protective Layer Generated by ART Mechanochemical Reconditioner Package
475
24.4 Possible Sources of Superlubricity of In Situ Generated Protective Layer on Worn Metal Surfaces
486
Acknowledgements
492
References
492
Chapter 25. Superlubricity of Diamond/Glycerol Technology Applied to Automotive Gasoline Engines
496
25.1 Introduction
496
25.2 Methods
497
25.3 Results and Discussion
502
25.4 Conclusion
516
Acknowledgements
516
References
517
Subject Index
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