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Foreword
5
Preface
6
Contents
8
Solid Organ Transplantation: Past, Present, and Future Challenges
9
1.1 Historical Overview
9
1.2 Organ Procurement for Transplantation
10
1.3 Patient Selection for Transplantation
11
1.4 Immune Responses to Allografts/ Xenotransplantation
12
1.5 Role of Imaging in Transplantation
13
1.6 Ethical and Economical Issues in Organ Transplantation
15
References
16
Heart Transplantation
18
2.1 Epidemiological, Clinical and Surgical Considerations
18
2.1.1 History and Epidemiology
18
2.1.2 Pre- Surgical Evaluation: Recipient Evaluation and Selection
19
2.1.3 Operation
21
2.1.4 Perioperative Complications and Problems
30
2.1.5 Cardiac Retransplantation
31
2.1.6 Strategies of Immunosuppression
31
2.1.7 Endomyocardial Biopsy, Acute and Chronic Rejection
32
2.1.8 Infections After Cardiac Transplantation
33
2.1.9 Long- Term Survival After Heart Transplantation
34
2.1.10 Conclusion
35
References
35
2.2 Imaging in Heart Transplantation
39
2.2.1 Introduction
39
2.2.2 Complications of Cardiac Transplantation – An Overview
40
2.2.3 Cardiac Transplantation – The Pre-Surgical Evaluation
40
2.2.4 Cardiac Transplantation – Overview of the Operation
41
2.2.5 Cardiac Transplantation – The Immediate Post- Surgical Period
42
2.2.6 Cardiac Transplantation – The First Year
43
2.2.7 Infection
46
2.2.8 Cardiac Transplantation – After 1 Year
51
2.2.9 Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy of the Coronary Arteries
52
2.2.10 Post- Transplant Malignancy
53
2.2.11 Other Complications of Therapy
54
References
55
Renal Transplantation: Epidemiological, Clinical, Radiological and Surgical Considerations
57
3.1 Epidemiological Considerations
57
3.2 Presurgical Evaluations
58
3.3 Current Surgical Techniques
60
3.4 Radiological Assessment of the Graft
61
3.5 Early Postoperative Phase
64
3.6 Long- Term Follow- Up
91
3.7 Emergent Imaging Techniques
97
References
101
Liver Transplantation
105
4.1 Epidemiological, Clinical and Surgical Considerations
105
4.1.1 Introduction
105
4.1.2 Epidemiology and Indications for Liver Transplantation
105
4.1.3 Preoperative Evaluation
107
4.1.4 Postoperative Phase: Early Postoperative Complications
110
4.1.5 Long- Term Follow- Up: Late Complications
113
4.1.6 Conclusions
115
References
115
4.2 Imaging of Liver Transplantation
116
4.2.1 Introduction
116
4.2.2 Surgical Anatomy
116
4.2.3 Imaging Modalities
119
4.2.4 Recipients
120
4.2.5 Donors
132
References
139
Lung Transplantation
143
5.1 Epidemiological, Clinical and Surgical Considerations
143
5.1.1 Introduction
143
5.1.2 Pretransplant Evaluation and Imaging
146
5.1.3 Imaging During the First 3 Months After Transplantation
147
5.1.4 Complications
147
5.1.5 Long- Term Follow- Up
152
5.1.6 Imaging of Interventional Complications
155
References
155
5.2 Imaging of Lung Transplantation
157
5.2.1 Introduction
157
5.2.2 Preoperative Imaging
160
5.2.3 Postoperative Complications
160
References
174
Bone Marrow Transplantation
180
6.1 Hematopoietic Transplantation
180
6.1.1 Introduction
180
6.1.2 History
181
6.1.3 Indications
182
6.1.4 Transplantation Technique
182
6.1.5 Transplant Complications
185
6.1.6 Results
188
6.1.7 Future Developments
189
References
189
6.2 Imaging in Bone Marrow Transplantation
190
6.2.1 Introduction
190
6.2.2 Clinical Considerations
191
6.2.3 Integrating Clinical Factors, Imaging Findings, and Other Diagnostic Procedures
191
6.2.4 Infectious Complications
193
6.2.5 Non- Infectious Complications
200
6.2.6 Conclusion
209
References
209
Imaging in Pancreas and Intestinal Transplantation
214
7.1 Introduction to Pancreas Transplantation
214
7.2 Organ Procurement
215
7.3 Back- Table Reconstruction
215
7.4 Pancreas Transplantation
215
7.5 Posttransplantation Complications
217
7.6 Imaging Techniques
217
7.7 Imaged Abnormalities
217
7.8 Vascular Graft Complications Including Rejection
223
7.10 Other Transplantation-Associated Complications
225
7.9 Pancreatic Graft Complications Including Infection
225
7.11 Introduction to Intestinal Transplantation
229
7.12 Intestinal Transplantation
231
7.13 Multivisceral Transplantation
232
7.14 Liver- Intestinal Transplantation
236
7.15 Posttransplantation Complications
239
7.16 Imaging Modalities
239
7.17 Imaged Abnormalities
240
7.18 Intestinal Graft Complications Including Infection
240
7.19 Vascular Graft Complications
242
7.20 Other Transplantation-Associated Complications
242
References
245
Subject Index
247
List of Contributors
254
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