Simulating Interacting Agents and Social Phenomena - The Second World Congress

Simulating Interacting Agents and Social Phenomena

Preface

Contents

Part I: Norms, Diffusion and Social Networks

A Classification of Normative Architectures

1 .Introduction

2 .The Selected Cases

3 .A Classification of Design Decisions

3.1 .Design Decision 1: The Scale from Logic to Decision Theory

3.2 .Design Decision 2: Single or Social Agents?

3.3 .Design Decision 3: Concepts of Norms

3.4 .Design Decision 4: Static or Dynamic Norms?

3.5 .Design Decision 5: Norm Conflicts

4 .Conclusion

References

The Complex Loop of Norm Emergence: A Simulation Model

1 .Introduction

2 .Existent Approaches

3 .Social Norms

4 .Objectives

5 .Finding Out Norms

6 .Normative Architecture

6.1 .Norm Recognizer

7 .The Simulation Model

7.1 .Moving Across Scenarios

7.2 .Social Conformers

7.3 .Norm-Recognizers

8 .The Simulator

9 .Results and Discussion

9.1 .Results with Social Conformers

9.2 .Results with Norm Recognizers

10 .Concluding Remarks

References

A Social Network Model of Direct Versus Indirect Reciprocity in a Corrections-Based Therapeutic Community

1 .Introduction

2 .Theoretical Background

2.1 .Direct and Indirect Reciprocity

2.2 .Indirect and Direct Reciprocity in TCs

3 .Methodology

3.1 .Agent-Based Model

3.2 .Data

3.3 .Analysis

4 .Results

5 .Conclusion

References

A Force-Directed Layout for Community Detection with Automatic Clusterization

1 .Introduction

2 .A Weakness of .Q

3 .Related Work

4 .Community Structure Properties

4.1 .Node Degree

4.2 .Graph Distance

5 .Algorithms

5.1 .Force-Directed Layout

5.2 .Convergence

5.3 .Motivation

5.4 .Clustering

5.5 .Example

6 .Results

6.1 .Social Network Results

7 .Improvements

7.1 .a-Searching

7.2 .Refining e

8 .Results

9 .Conclusion & Future Work

References

Comparing Two Sexual Mixing Schemes for Modelling the Spread of HIV/AIDS

1 .Introduction

2 .Specification for Two Sexual Mixing Schemes

2.1 .A Scheme Based on Simple Aspiration and Quality Measure

2.2 .A Scheme Based on Endorsements

3 .Simulation Results

3.1 .Characteristics of the Simulated Heterosexual Networks

3.2 .HIV/AIDS Prevalence

4 .Discussion and Outlook

References

Exploring Context Permeability in Multiple Social Networks

1 .Introduction

2 .Multiple and Multi-Modal Relations

3 .Relations, Roles and Contexts

4 .Social Network Representations and Analysis

5 .Consensus Games

6 .Experimental Setting

7 .Analysis of Simulation Outcomes

8 .Conclusions and Future Work

References

A Naturalistic Multi-Agent Model of Word-of-Mouth Dynamics

1 .Modeling Word-of-Mouth

1.1 .Evidence on Word-of-Mouth

1.2 .Existing Models

1.3 .Target

2 .Model

2.1 .Structure of Interactions

2.2 .Knowledge Representation

2.3 .Communicative Behavior

3 .Simulation

3.1 .Dynamics with Active Searches

3.2 .Using an Event to Facilitate Diffusion of Information

3.3 .Diffusion of Related Products

4 .Discussion

References

Part II: Economy, Market and Organization

Introducing Preference Heterogeneity into a Monocentric Urban Model: An Agent-Based Land Market Model

1 .Introduction

2 .The Model

3 .Simulation Experiments

3.1 .Experiment 1

3.2 .Experiment 2

4 .Conclusions and Discussions

References

The Agent-Based Double Auction Markets: 15 Years On

1 .Introduction: It Takes Time to See “Change”

2 .Agent-Based Double Auction Markets: Literature Review

2.1 .Gode-Sunder Model

2.2 .Santa Fe Double Auction Markets

2.3 .Andrews-Prager Model

2.4 .AIE-DA

3 .Experimental Design

3.1 .Market Mechanism

3.2 .Trading Strategies

3.3 .GP Trading Agents

3.4 .Experimental Procedures

4 .Results: GP Agents Versus Non-Autonomous Traders

5 .Conclusion

References

A Doubly Structural Network Model and Analysis on the Emergence of Money*

1 .Introduction

1.1 .Problems Regarding the Origin/Emergence of Money

1.2 .Mathematical Models for the Emergence of Money

2 .Doubly Structural Network Model

3 .Doubly Structural Network Model of the Emergence of Money

4 .Mean-Field Dynamics Analysis of the Emergence of Money

4.1 .Mean-Field Dynamics

4.2 .Emergence Scenario Using Mean-Field Dynamics

5 .Simulation Experimentation

6 .Conclusion

References

Analysis of Knowledge Retrieval Heuristics in Concurrent Software Development Teams

1 .Introduction

2 .Model

2.1 .PCANNS Scheme

2.2 .Concurrent Software Development Team

2.3 .Knowledge Retrieval Heuristics

2.4 .Simulation Flow

3 .Parameter Calibration

4 .Effective Knowledge Retrieval Heuristics

5 .Scope and Grounding

6 .Summary and Future Work

.Appendix: Algorithm of Knowledge-Retrieval Heauristics

.Minimum effort type

.Risk aversion type

.“Ask others” type

.“Acquire on my own” type

.Broad retrieval type

.Random type

References

Reputation and Economic Performance in Industrial Districts: Modelling Social Complexity Through Multi-Agent Systems

1 .Introduction

1.1 .Research Hypothesis

2 .The Simulation Model

2.1 .Partner Selection and Economic Exchange

2.2 .Information Exchange

3 .Results

4 .Concluding Remarks

References

Part III: Modeling Approaches and Programming Environments

Injecting Data into Agent-Based Simulation

1 .Introduction

2 .The Classical View

2.1 .The Logic of Simulation

2.2 .Issues with Abstract ABMs

3 .Sources of Data

4 .The Data-Driven Flow: Adapting the Logic

5 .Discussion and Difficulties of the Approach

6 .A Case Study: the Mentat Model

6.1 .Context of the Model

6.2 .The Randomly Initialised Version: Mentat-RND

6.3 .The Version Initialised with Data: Mentat-DAT

6.4 .Comparison of Outputs

7 .Concluding Remarks

References

The MASON HouseholdsWorld Model of Pastoral Nomad Societies

1 .Introduction: Motivation and Background

2 .The HouseholdsWorld Model

2.1 .Households

2.2 .Camps

2.3 .Natural Environment

3 .Simulated Dynamics

4 .Summary

References

Effects of Adding a Simple Rule to a Reactive Simulation

1 .Introduction

2 .Extending the Original Model

3 .Social Organisation

4 .Final Considerations

References

Applying Image Texture Measures to Describe Segregation in Agent-Based Modeling

1 .Introduction

2 .Gibbs Random Field in Image Processing

2.1 .Definition

2.2 .Image Simulation with Markov Chain Monte Carlo Methods

2.3 .Example: An Ising/Potts Class of GRF

3 .Schelling Segregation Model

3.1 .Original Schelling Model

3.2 .Schelling Model as a Derin and Elliott GRF

4 .Texture Measures Applied to Segregation

5 .Application to the Output of an Agent Based Model

6 .Applications to Social Simulation Beyond the 2D Grid

7 .Conclusion

References

Autonomous Tags: Language as Generative of Culture

1 .Introduction

2 .Symbolic Interactionist Simulation

3 .SISTER

3.1 .The Design of SISTER

3.2 .Mutual Information to Measure Roles

3.3 .Experiment

3.4 .Results

3.5 .Discussion

4 .Future Directions

References

Virtual City Model for Simulating Social Phenomena

1 .Introduction

2 .Abstract of SOARS

3 .Details of the Model

4 .Structure of Virtual City

5 .Settings for the Virtual City

6 .Behaviors of Agents in the Virtual City

7 .An Example of the Virtual City

8 .Use Case of the Model

9 .Future Works

References

Modeling Endogenous Coordination Using a Dynamic Language*

1 .Introduction

2 .Related Work

3 .The EndEC Model

4 .Implementation of the EndEC Model

5 .Conclusions

References

Author Index

Keyword Index