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Infrastructure ProductivityEvaluation
3
Contents
5
Contributors
7
Chapter 1: Introduction
9
1.1 Infrastructure: What Does the Rear-View Mirror Tell Us About the Way Forward?
9
Chapter 2: The Productivity of Public Capital: A Meta-analysis
13
2.1 Introduction
13
2.2 Public Capital and Private Output
16
2.2.1 Definitions
16
2.2.2 Methodologies Employed in the Literature
16
2.2.2.1 Four Methodological Approaches
17
2.2.2.2 The Production Function Approach
17
2.2.3 Stylized Facts
19
2.2.4 Criticisms of the Production Function Approach
21
2.3 A Simple Meta-analysis
22
2.3.1 The Meta-sample
23
2.3.2 Results of the Meta-analysis
27
2.4 Meta-regression Analysis
29
2.4.1 Hypotheses
29
2.4.2 Meta-regression Model
31
2.4.2.1 Methodology
31
2.4.2.2 Data
31
2.5 Results
32
2.6 Conclusions
36
References
37
Chapter 3: The Effectiveness of Regional Policy: A Literature Study
41
3.1 Introduction
41
3.1.1 Scope
42
3.2 Approach
42
3.2.1 Research Quality
43
3.3 Results
43
3.3.1 Research Methods
44
3.4 Recent Developments
46
3.5 Conclusions
46
3.6 Recommendations
47
References
52
Chapter 4: Ex Post Evaluation of Rotterdam Port Investment
55
4.1 Introduction
55
4.2 Ex Post Evaluation of Infrastructure Projects: Too Little, Too Late?
56
4.3 Three Criteria for Ex Post Evaluation
58
4.4 Maasvlakte 1 in Historical Perspective
58
4.4.1 Port Policy After 1970
62
4.5 Ex Post Analysis 1968–2002
65
4.5.1 Costs
65
4.5.2 Benefits
67
4.5.3 Maasvlakte 1 and 2: Ex Post and Ex Ante Results Compared
69
4.6 Conclusion
71
References
71
Chapter 5: The Productivity of Public Capital in the Netherlands: A Regional Perspective
73
5.1 Introduction
73
5.2 Data and Methodology
75
5.2.1 The Production Function
75
5.2.2 Data
76
5.2.3 Stylized Facts
77
5.3 Results
79
5.3.1 Growth Accounting
79
5.3.2 Regression Analysis
81
5.4 Conclusion and Discussion
84
References
86
Chapter 6: Indirect Effects in European Transport Project Appraisal*
87
6.1 Introduction
87
6.2 Types of Effects
88
6.3 The Case for Harmonisation
91
6.4 Current Practice
92
6.4.1 Models
92
6.4.1.1 The SASI Model
93
6.4.1.2 The CGEurope Model
95
6.4.2 Current Practice in Five Countries
95
6.4.2.1 The Netherlands
95
6.4.2.2 The UK
96
6.4.2.3 Germany
96
6.4.2.4 Japan
96
6.4.2.5 The USA
97
6.4.3 Survey
97
6.4.3.1 Is Double Counting Avoided, and How?
98
6.4.3.2 General Coverage and Assessment Methods
98
6.4.3.3 Types of Indirect Effects Covered
99
6.4.3.4 Overview of Types of Effects Covered in CBA
100
6.5 Conclusion
101
References
101
About the Authors
103
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