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Critical Infrastructures: Risk and Vulnerability Assessment in Transportation of Dangerous Goods - Transportation by Road and Rail
von: Bogdan I. Vamanu, Adrian V. Gheorghe, Polinpapilinho F. Katina
Springer-Verlag, 2016
ISBN: 9783319309316 , 224 Seiten
Format: PDF, OL
Kopierschutz: Wasserzeichen
Preis: 96,29 EUR
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Critical Infrastructures: Risk and Vulnerability Assessment in Transportation of Dangerous Goods - Transportation by Road and Rail
Preface
7
Acknowledgments
11
Contents
12
1 Introduction
15
Abstract
15
1.1 Critical Infrastructures
15
1.2 Major Themes
17
1.3 Transportation of Hazardous Materials
20
References
21
2 Risk Assessment
24
Abstract
24
2.1 Risk Assessment in Hazmat Transportation
24
2.1.1 The Hot Spots Approach
25
2.1.1.1 Representing Risk in the Hot Spot Method: The Risk Matrix
27
2.1.2 The Statistical Approach
27
2.1.2.1 The Framework
27
2.1.2.2 The Statistical Method
28
2.2 Extension of the Risk Assessment Methodology for Multimodal Transportation
31
2.2.1 The ‘Hot Spot’ Method
31
2.2.2 The Statistical Method
32
2.2.3 The Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function as a Risk Expression of the Health Impact
32
References
33
3 Quantitative Probability Assessment of Loc Accident
35
Abstract
35
3.1 The Methodology: Loc Accident Probability Computation
35
3.1.1 Tools and Techniques
37
3.2 Models and Algorithms: Loc Accident Probability in Transportation by Rail
39
3.2.1 Computational Scheme for LOC Accident by Rail
40
3.3 Models and Algorithms: Loc Accident Probability in Transportation By Road
53
3.3.1 Deductively Model the Reality—MLD Development for LOC During Road Transportation
53
3.3.2 Computational Scheme for LOC Accident by Road
55
References
67
4 Loc Consequence Assessment
68
Abstract
68
4.1 Physical to Biological Effects’ Relationship
69
4.2 Fire Consequence Assessment
70
4.2.1 Pool Fire Consequence Assessment
72
4.2.1.1 Inputs
73
4.2.1.2 Risk-Relevant Output
74
4.2.1.3 Computational Steps
74
4.2.1.4 Effects Computation
75
4.2.2 Flare Fire Consequence Assessment
76
4.2.2.1 Saturation Pressure Constants
77
4.2.2.2 Inputs
77
4.2.2.3 Risk-Relevant Output
78
4.2.2.4 Computational Steps
78
4.2.2.5 Effects Computation
79
4.2.3 BLEVE Consequence Assessment
80
4.2.3.1 Input Data
81
4.2.3.2 Risk-Relevant Output
81
4.2.3.3 Computational Steps
81
4.2.3.4 Effects Computation
82
4.3 Explosion Consequence Assessment
83
4.3.1 The Algorithm
83
4.3.1.1 Constants
83
4.3.1.2 Inputs
84
4.3.1.3 Computational Steps
84
4.3.1.4 Lethality Percentage Due to Overpressure
88
4.3.1.5 Lethality Percentage Due to Fragments
90
4.4 Acute Intoxication Consequence Assessment
91
4.4.1 Computing the Risk Radii
92
4.4.2 Computing the Lethality Percentage
95
4.4.3 An Algorithm for Acute Intoxication Assessment
97
4.4.3.1 Inputs
98
4.4.3.2 Computational Steps
98
References
100
5 The Vulnerability Issue
102
Abstract
102
5.1 Definitions and Conceptualization
104
5.2 Methodological Aspects in Quantitative Vulnerability Assessment in Transport Systems
108
5.2.1 Transportation System Definition
109
5.2.2 Defining the System by Indicators
109
5.2.3 The Vulnerability Assessment of Transportation System
111
References
114
6 Consensus-Driven Models for QVA in Transportation Corridors
117
Abstract
117
6.1 The Index Method
117
6.1.1 Designing the System
118
6.1.2 The Risk-Management Capability Index and Weights Computation
118
6.1.2.1 Weights Computation
119
6.1.2.2 Computing the Level Weights
119
6.1.2.3 Computing the Final Weights
120
6.1.2.4 Assessment Results: The Vulnerability Index
121
6.1.3 The Index Method: Transportation Corridor Vulnerability Assessment
122
6.1.3.1 System Description by Indicators and Classification Structure
123
6.1.3.2 Transportation System Vulnerability Assessment
126
6.2 The Relevance Matrices Method
130
6.2.1 The Method
131
6.2.2 Transportation Corridor Vulnerability Assessment Model with the Relevance Matrices Method
133
References
152
7 Physical Analogies-Based Model for Quantitative Vulnerability Assessment of Transportation Corridors
154
Abstract
154
7.1 Quantitative Vulnerability Assessment Method; Modeling Cooperative Phenomena in Multi-component Systems
154
7.1.1 System Description by Indicators
156
7.1.2 The Control Variables
157
7.1.3 System Constituents—System State Space
157
7.1.4 Vulnerability Basins—The Instability Region
163
7.1.5 The Quantitative Vulnerability Assessment
164
7.2 Applying QVA Model for the Vulnerability Assessment of Transportation Corridors
165
7.2.1 Indicators Selection
165
7.2.2 Computing the Physical Indicators—YUi and YVj
165
7.2.3 Transportation System Vulnerability Assessment
165
References
169
8 An Illustrative Example—The Case for Aarau-Zurich
171
Abstract
171
8.1 Transportation Description
171
8.1.1 Graph Coordinate Axis Limits
171
8.1.2 Transportation Statistics
172
8.2 Representation Maps of the Transportation
173
8.2.1 ‘Aarau-Zurich’ TRANSPORTATION Map Representation
173
8.2.1.1 TRIP ‘S0 Aarau-Zurich 35 t’
173
8.2.1.2 TRIP ‘S1 Zurich’
177
8.2.1.3 TRIP ‘S2 Zurich 5 t’
181
Appendix ATools and Techniques for PRAand RAMs: A Primer
185
Appendix BDesign Guidelines for HazmatTransportation Decision Support Systems
191
Appendix CImplementation Guideline for HazmatTransportation DSS
200
Appendix DArriving at Equation for State of a Systemwith many Bi-stable Entities
212
Index
223
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