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Visual Thinking - for Design
von: Colin Ware
Elsevier Trade Monographs, 2008
ISBN: 9780080558417 , 256 Seiten
Format: PDF, ePUB, OL
Kopierschutz: DRM
Preis: 35,95 EUR
FRONT COVER
1
VISUAL THINKING FOR DESIGN
4
COPYRIGHT PAGE
5
CONTENTS
6
PREFACE
10
CHAPTER 1 VISUAL QUERIES
14
The Apparatus and Process of Seeing
18
The Act of Perception
21
Bottom-Up
23
Top-Down
25
Implications for Design
27
Nested Loops
30
Distributed Cognition
32
Conclusion
33
CHAPTER 2 WHAT WE CAN EASILY SEE
36
The Machinery of Low-Level Feature Analysis
38
What and Where Pathways
39
Eye Movement Planning
39
What Stands Out = What We Can Bias for
40
Lessons for Design
46
Motion
49
Visual Search Strategies and Skills
50
The Detection Field
50
The Visual Search Process
52
Using Multiscale Structure to Design for Search
53
Conclusion
54
CHAPTER 3 STRUCTURING TWO-DIMENSIONAL SPACE
56
2.5D Space
57
The Pattern-Processing Machinery
59
The Binding Problem: Features to Contours
59
The Generalized Contour
62
Texture Regions
63
Interference and Selective Tuning
64
Patterns, Channels, and Attention
65
Intermediate Patterns
66
Pattern Learning
67
Serial Processing
68
Visual Pattern Queries and the Apprehendable Chunk
68
Multi-chunk Queries
69
Spatial Layout
69
Horizontal and Vertical
70
Pattern for Design
71
Examples of Pattern Queries with Common Graphical Artifacts
73
Semantic Pattern Mappings
75
CHAPTER 4 COLOR
78
The Color-Processing Machinery
79
Opponent Process Theory
81
Channel Properties
82
Principles for Design
88
Showing Detail
88
Color-Coding Information
90
Large and Small Areas
90
Emphasis and Highlighting
91
Color Sequences
93
Color on Shaded Surfaces
96
Semantics of Color
97
Conclusion
97
CHAPTER 5 GETTING THE INFORMATION: VISUAL SPACE AND TIME
100
Depth Perception and Cue Theory
102
Stereoscopic Depth
107
Structure from Motion
108
2.5D DESIGN
108
How Much of the Third Dimension?
110
Affordances
112
The Where Pathway
113
Artificial Interactive Spaces
115
Space Traversal and Cognitive Costs
116
Conclusion
118
CHAPTER 6 VISUAL OBJECTS, WORDS, AND MEANING
120
The Inferotemporal Cortex and the What Channel
121
Generalized Views from Patterns
122
Structured Objects
123
Gist and Scene Perception
125
Visual and Verbal Working Memory
127
Verbal Working Memory
128
Control of the Attention and the Cognitive Process
128
Long-term Memory
129
Priming
131
Getting into Visual Working Memory
131
Thinking in Action: Receiving a Cup of Coffee
133
Elaborations and Implications for Design
134
Make Objects Easy to Identify
134
Novelty
135
Images as Symbols
136
Meaning and Emotion
137
Imagery and Desire
138
Conclusion
139
CHAPTER 7 VISUAL AND VERBAL NARRATIVE
142
Visual Thinking Versus Language-Based Thinking
143
Learned Symbols
144
Grammar and Logic
145
Comparing and Contrasting the Verbal and Written Modes
146
Linking Words and Images Through Diexis
148
PowerPoint Presentations and Pointing
149
Mirror Neurons: Copycat Cells
150
Visual Narrative: Capturing the Cognitive Thread
151
Q&A Patterns
152
Framing
152
FINSTs and Divided Attention
153
Shot transitions
154
Cartoons and Narrative Diagrams
155
Single-frame Narratives
157
Conclusion
158
CHAPTER 8 CREATIVE META-SEEING
160
Mental Imagery
161
The Magic of the Scribble
165
Diagrams are Ideas Made Concrete
168
Requirements and Early Design
169
Visual Task Analysis
170
The Creative Design Loop
171
Cognitive Economics of Design Sketching
171
The Perceptual Critique
173
Meta-seeing with Design Prototypes
175
Visual Skill Development
176
Conclusion
177
CHAPTER 9 THE DANCE OF MEANING
178
Review
179
Implications
185
Design to Support Pattern Finding
185
Optimizing the Cognitive Process
187
Learning and the Economics of Cognition
190
Attention and the Cognitive Thread
192
What's Next?
194
INDEX
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A
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B
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C
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D
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E
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F
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G
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H
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I
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J
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K
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L
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M
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N
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O
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P
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Q
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R
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S
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T
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U
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V
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W
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X
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Y
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Z
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