English for Biomedical Scientists

Preface

Acknowledgments

Table of Contents

UNIT I

Introduction

Your First Exercise in English for Biomedical Scientists

Structure of the Book

UNIT II

Tenses

Modal Ve

Conditionals

Passive Voice

Reported Speech

Questions

Infinitive/-Ing

Countable and Uncountable Nouns

Articles: A/An and The

Word Order

Relative Clauses

Adjectives

Prepositions

Ellipsis

Unit III Usual Mistakes Made by Scientists Speaking and Writing in English

Misnomers and False Friends

Common Grammatical Mistakes

Common Spelling Mistakes

Common Pronunciation Mistakes

Unit IV Writing a Manuscript

Preliminary Work

Article Header

Title

Abstract

Objective

Materials and Methods

Results

Conclusion

Keywords

Main Text

Introduction

Materials and Methods

Statistics

Results

Discussion

Acknowledgments

References

Articles in Journals

Standard Journal Article

Organization as Author

No Author Given

Article Not In English

Volume with Supplement

Issue with Supplement

Volume with Part

Issue with Part

Issue with No Volume

No Issue or Volume

Pages in Roman Numerals

Type of Article Indicated as Needed

Article Containing Retraction

Article Retracted

Article with Published Erratum

Books and Other Monographs

Personal Author(s)

Editor(s), Compiler(s) as Author

Organization as Author and Publisher

Chapter in a Book

Conference Proceedings

Conference Paper

Scientific or Technical Report

Dissertation

Patent

Other Published Material

Newspaper Article

Audiovisual Material

Dictionary and Similar References

Unpublished Material

In Press

Electronic Material

Journal Article in Electronic Format

Monograph in Electronic Format

Computer File

Additional Material

Tables

Figures

Final Tips

Unit V

Writing Scientific Correspondence

Submission Letters

Re-submission Letters

Re-configuration Letters

Letters of Thanks for an Invitation to Publish an Article in a Journal

Asking About the Status of a Paper

Other Letters

Asking for Permission to Use Someone’s Name as a Referee

Postponing the Commencement of Duties

In Summary

Unit VI

Attending a Scientific Course or Conference

Introduction

Travel and Hotel Arrangements

Airport

Getting to the Airport

Checking in

Questions a Passenger Might Ask

Announcing Changes in an Airline Flight

At the Boarding Gate

Arrival

Complaining About Lost or Damaged Luggage

Exchange Office

Customs and Immigration Control

During the Flight

In the Taxi (.US. Cab)

Asking Where to Get a Taxi

Basic Instructions

Concerning Speed in a Taxi

Concerning Smoking in a Taxi

Asking to Stop and Wait

Concerning the Temperature in a Taxi

Payment

At the Hotel

Checking In

Preferences

The Stay

Checking Out

Complaints

Course Example

General Information

Language

Dress Code

Commercial Exhibition

Disclosure Statements

Faculty

Guest Faculty

How to Reach …

Arrival by plane

Arrival by Train

Weather

Registration

Course Planning

Unit VI

Attending a Scientific Course or Conference

Introduction

Travel and Hotel Arrangements

Airport

Getting to the Airport

Checking in

Questions a Passenger Might Ask

Announcing Changes in an Airline Flight

At the Boarding Gate

Arrival

Complaining About Lost or Damaged Luggage

Exchange Office

Customs and Immigration Control

During the Flight

In the Taxi (.US. Cab)

Asking Where to Get a Taxi

Basic Instructions

Concerning Speed in a Taxi

Concerning Smoking in a Taxi

Asking to Stop and Wait

Concerning the Temperature in a Taxi

Payment

At the Hotel

Checking In

Preferences

The Stay

Checking Out

Complaints

Course Example

General Information

Language

Dress Code

Commercial Exhibition

Disclosure Statements

Faculty

Guest Faculty

How to Reach …

Arrival by plane

Arrival by Train

Weather

Registration

Course Planning

Unit VII Giving Presentations for Biomedical Scientists

Know Your Audience

Choose a Relevant Main Message

Put Together Your Presentation: Structure and Delivery

The Dreaded Questions-and-Comments Section

Practice, Practice, Practice

Unit VIII Chairing a Scientific Discussion

Why, then, do we include a section on chairing a session?

Usual Chairperson’s Comments

Introducing the Session

Introducing Speakers

Adjourning

Finishing the Session

Should Chairpersons Ask Questions?

What the Chairperson Should Say When Something Is Going Wrong

Behind Schedule

Ahead of Schedule

Technical Problems

Computer Not Working

Lights Gone Out

Sound Gone Off

Lecturer Lacks Confidence

Specific Scientific Chairperson’s Comments

Unit IX Curriculum Vitae, Cover Letters, and Other Professional Letters

Professional Correspondence for Biomedical Scientists: General Tips

Curriculum Vitae

REFERENCES AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST

COVER LETTER

Anchor 6

Anchor 7

Unit X Getting Ready for a Job Interview in English

You Are More Than Your Level of English

You Are More Than Your Résumé

Find Out About the Employer and Interviewers

You Must Prepare for Your Interview

Practice, Practice, Practice…

What Else Should You do on the Day of the Interview?

The Day After: What to do After Your Interview?

Unit XI The Laboratory Environment

Commonly Misused or Misunderstood Terms

Types of Biomedical Research Laboratories

Rooms Within a Large Laboratory

Glassware Commonly Found in a Laboratory

Commonly Used Laboratory Consumables

Commonly Used Laboratory Instruments

Commonly Used Laboratory Equipment

Unit XII Laboratory Writing

Scientific Protocols

Lab Notebook Entries

General Guidelines for Notebook Keeping

Laboratory Reports

Reagent Recipes

Short Notes

XIII Laboratory Safety and Biohazards

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Laboratory Safety Equipment

Chemical Safety

Biological Safety

Radiation Safety

Safety Quiz

Unit XIV Laboratory Animal Work

What Is Animal Research?

Animal Work Licences

Animal Research Facility and Its Staff

Space Description

Holding Rooms

Usage Examples

Procedure Rooms

Usage Example

Service Rooms

Record Keeping

Permanent Marking to Identify Individual Animals

Cage Cards

Data Record Form

Transgenic Animals

Usage Examples

Administrative Techniques

Usage Examples

Signs of Stress and Pain in Animals

Classifications of Drugs to Relieve or Control Pain and Stress

Usage Examples

Humane Methods of Killing

Ethical Considerations

The “3Rs” Principle

Additional Resources

Unit XV Latin and Greek Terminology

Introduction

Plural Rules

List of Latin and Greek Terms and Their Plurals

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

Z

Unit XVI Acronyms and Abbreviations

Abbreviation .Rules and Style Conventions in English

Units of Measurement

Unit XVII Conversation Survival Guide

Introduction

Greetings

Presentations

Personal Data

Courtesy Sentences

Speaking in a Foreign Language

At the Restaurant

Preliminary Exchanges

Ordering

Complaining

The Check (.UK., The Bill)

City Transportation

Shopping

Asking About Store Hours

Preliminary Exchanges

Buying Clothes/Shoes

At the Shoe Shop

At the Post Office

Going to the Theater (.UK., Theatre)

At the Drugstore (.UK., Chemist)

At the Cosmetics Counter

At the Bookshop/Newsagent’s

At the Photography Shop

At the Florist

Paying

At the Hairdresser

Men and Women

Men

Women

Cars

At the Gas/Petrol Station

At the Garage

At the Parking Lot (.UK., Car Park)

Renting a Car

How Can I Get to …?

Having a Drink (or Two)

On the Phone

Emergency Situations

In the Bank

At the Police Station